|
Tropical Cyclone Bingiza was the only named storm to make landfall in the inactive 2010–11 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season. The second of three storms, Bingiza developed on February 9 to the northeast of Madagascar. For a few days it meandered generally southwestward, failing to intensify significantly. On February 12, the storm began a steady westward track as environmental conditions became more favorable. In a 24–hour period, Bingiza developed from a moderate tropical storm into an intense tropical cyclone with a well-defined eye. After attaining peak 10–minute sustained winds of 155 km/h (100 mph), the cyclone moved ashore in northeastern Madagascar on February 14 and quickly weakened as it crossed the country. It emerged into the Mozambique Channel as a weak tropical disturbance, and it turned southward to move across western Madagascar. Bingiza attained tropical storm status before making its final landfall near Morondava, dissipating on February 18. Across Madagascar, the cyclone killed 34 people and injured 13 others. High winds destroyed 25,464 houses, which left 25,845 people homeless. Bingiza first affected the Masoala National Park, destroying half of a village and leaving it isolated. High winds and heavy rainfall left over 500 km2km (195 mi2) of damaged crops, which increased food prices and threatened the economic livelihoods of the affected people. ==Meteorological history== The origins of Cyclone Bingiza were from a persistent area of disorganized convection on February 8, about 880 km (545 mi) north-northeast of Réunion. At the time, the system consisted of a poorly defined circulation, located in an area of low wind shear. It moved west-southwestward along the northern periphery of a ridge, and its convection gradually became more organized over the center. On February 9, Météo-France (MF) classified the system as Tropical Disturbance 5, and six hours later upgraded it to a tropical depression. Shortly thereafter, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a tropical cyclone formation alert after convective banding and outflow increased. Following intensification of the depression into a moderate tropical storm, MF advised the Madagascan Weather Service to name the storm as Bingiza which they did late on February 9. Upon becoming a tropical storm, Bingiza was located in an area of weak steering currents, which resulted in a slow, meandering motion toward the southwest.〔 Its motion turned to the south on February 10, with conditions only marginally favorable for further intensification. After two days of meandering without strengthening, Bingiza turned to the southwest on due to a building ridge to its southwest toward Madagascar. Around the same time, upper-level conditions began improving, which allowed the convection to increase in coverage. Based on the improved appearance, MF upgraded Bingiza to a severe tropical storm at 0600 UTC on February 12 about 335 km (210 mi) east of the coast of Madagascar. Later that day an eye became apparent on satellite imagery, signaling the beginning of a rapid deepening trend. Late on February 12, MF upgraded Bingiza to tropical cyclone intensity, which is the equivalent of a hurricane or typhoon. With minimal wind shear and warm waters, the agency forecast the cyclone to intensify further to peak 10–sustained winds of 195 km/h (120 mph). Continuing to strengthen, Bingiza attained 10 minute sustained winds of 155 km/h (100 mph) early on February 13. Similarly, the JTWC estimated peak 1 minute sustained winds of 185 km/h (115 mph), noting a contracting eye 37 km (23 mi) in diameter in the process of an eyewall replacement cycle. Despite initial forecasts, the cyclone failed to strengthen further due to interaction with Madagascar. Early on February 14, Bingiza made landfall along the Masoala Peninsula with winds of at least 150 km/h (90 mph). It emerged into the Antongil Bay, before moving ashore north of Manambolosy. It quickly weakened over land, although it produced heavy rainfall along its northern periphery. Early on February 15, Bingiza weakened to a tropical depression. The center became difficult to locate over land, although it emerged into the Mozambique Channel north of Besalampy as a tropical disturbance. After moving over waters, the system was able to re-intensify due to favorable water temperatures and inflow. It quickly organized into a tropical depression again, although strengthening was halted after it turned southward over western Madagascar due to a ridge to its north. It again moved into the Mozambique Channel, and Bingiza re-intensified into a tropical storm on February 17. The storm developed a concentrated area of convection near the center, as well as a poorly defined eye. The re-intensification was short-lived after Bingiza made its final landfall just south of Morondava around 1330 UTC on February 17. Around that time, the circulation was dissipating over land, and its remnants left the island on February 19.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cyclone Bingiza」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|